Race, Class, And Gender Roles Essay - 1645 Words

One’s identity has the ability to play a central role in one’s schooling experience and in return, affect the way they perceive the world around them. Growing up in an Asian household located in a predominately Asian American neighborhood located in the San Gabriel Valley, I always identified myself strongly to my race and took pride in being a first generation Asian American child. Race has definitely affected my schooling experience in many different ways, both positively and negatively. In addition, there were a variety of other aspects such as stereotypical gender roles and socioeconomic class status which factored into the way I learned in the U.S. education system. In this paper, I will examine how race, class, and gender played a big role throughout my schooling experience. Growing up, I was constantly surrounded by people of the same ethnic race and culture. I was raised in the small city of Temple City where a lot of older generation Asian immigrants resided, w hich resulted in my schools being mostly dominated by the first generation Asian American population. Because of this similarity of race and culture with my peers, it was fairly easy for me to bond with other students as well as feel comfortable within the realms of my schools and neighborhood. I had little trouble learning and participating in classrooms and also was able to be very involved in leadership positions in extracurricular programs at my high school which was a good learning experience for me.Show MoreRelatedSocial Stratification And Its Effects On Physical And Mental Differences1216 Words   |  5 Pagesprinciples, class, race, and gender. Social class is defines as â€Å"the grouping of individuals by economic position† (Larkin, Para. 9). Members of each social class share similar income, wealth, lifestyle, social norms, behaviors, and life opportunities. Sociology theorists Dennis Gilbert and Joseph A. Kahl developed a six class stratification system by grouping individuals by education, income, and occupation. The six classes are capitalist or elites, upper middle class, lower middle class, workingRead MoreEffects Of Socialization1676 Words   |  7 Pagesagents are our families, schools, and peers (Rohall 167). We receive most of our socialization from these agents. We are socialized into our race, gender, and class throughout our lives. Different studies examine the different ways we are socialized into these groups and how this socialization at an early age affects the individuals’ lives as adults. Race is one way that we distinguish ourselves from other groups of people. Racial socialization is defined as â€Å"learning about one’s ethnic and racialRead MoreRace And Gender Play : A Woman At The Top Of Her Career Essay1350 Words   |  6 Pagessuburban dream. 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The hierarchy in Jefferson dictates that class supersedes gender, which in turn, supersedes race. AtRead MoreEssay on Article Reflection: Feminist Intersectional Theorizing875 Words   |  4 Pagesof this article is to explain the theorizing on race, class, and gender by Canadian feminist. Intersectionality portrays how women experiences are interconnected. The article â€Å"Feminist Intersectional Theorizing† written by Daiva K. Stasiulis, mainly talks about the intersectional theorizing of different factors that woman in Canada encounter. The vocalization of gender and class had a breakthrough in 1970s and 1980s. Along with racism, sexism and class is a source that is primary for oppression. ThisRead MoreUnderstanding Gender Identity and Sexuality1083 Words   |  5 Pagesthe terms â€Å"gender† and â€Å"sex† are often used interchangeably, the two words have significantly different definitions. One could argue that sex refers to biological essentialism and the idea that we are who we are because of our genetic material. On the other hand, gender is ass ociated with the social constructionist theory, which argues that the way we are is dependent on our race, class, and sexuality. Because each person is different in their race, class, and sexuality, their gender becomes sociallyRead MoreSocial Stratification1349 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferentiate people as superior or inferior. Societies are stratified in three ways which are,1) Social Class; 2) Racial and Ethnic stratification; and 3) Gender. 1) Social Class: According to Karl Marx, Class society is based around a primary line of division between two antagonistic classes, those who owns the means of production and those who do not own. Comer added to it in 1978 â€Å"Social Class implies having or not having the following: individual rights, privileges, power, rights over others, authorityRead MoreGender Socialization Is The Process Of Learning The Social1326 Words   |  6 PagesGender socialization is the process of learning the social prospects and behaviors connected with one s sex. According to gender socialization there are so many reasons why males and females act in different ways: they learn different social roles. For example, girls learn to do different household chores such as: how to cook, how to clean, how to do sweep, how to take care of family etc and boys learn to work outside, how to earn money, how to rule the world etc. The effect of family, school, mediaRead More The Media As A social Problem Essay1 731 Words   |  7 PagesThe Media as a Social Problem nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The mass media plays a large role in modern society. Indeed, many have argued that people spend more time in â€Å"mass-mediated† interaction than in actual human interaction. The mass media, then, would seemingly be an excellent position to initiate social change, positively affect social problems, and help combat social ills that are considered normal patterns of behavior. Yet, the mass media has largelyRead MoreA Discussion Of Class, Gender, And Feminism Essay1484 Words   |  6 PagesA Discussion of Class, Gender, and Feminism In this paper I will be discussing class, race, gender, sex, and how they relate to feminism. The first theme that I will be looking into is the role that social class and gender play in how others view us. The second theme that I will be delving into is the role that social class and gender play in how we view ourselves, and how this affects our role in society. Finally, the third theme that I will be looking at is the harmful nature of letting our differences

The Morality Behind Driving Essay Essay - 2032 Words

The Morality Behind Driving In the past several years, technology has become so ubiquitous that it can now be found in parts of our lives that we once believed it would, and could, never play a part in. While the growing presence of technology in our day to day lives suggests a high compatibility, in certain instances, our lives, specifically our ideologies and moral beliefs, seem to conflict with technology. The development of the autonomous car and the ethical and moral dilemmas that can arise from this technology’s use, perfectly exonerate the incompatibility between our current moral and ethical beliefs and technological innovations. While our present view of morality may conflict with certain aspects of this technology, all in all, this struggle is desirable as it forces our society and community to think as a collective, solving the problem now in order to work towards the betterment of the human race. In the past several years, companies like Google and Tesla have been working towards the self-driving, autonomous vehicle. Many project that in a mere four years, â€Å"most major automotive companies will have developed successful driverless technology† (Access Science Editors). The implementation of this technology clearly has many benefits but, we cannot mistakenly believe that improvement means perfection. Technology is a process and with each improvement, more and more people will be drawn in making this technology more ubiquitous. Each step gives rise to another, butShow MoreRelatedEssay on Immanuel Kant’s Non- consequentialist Ethical Theory 1369 Words   |  6 PagesImmanuel Kant the driving force behind our actions should be dictated by what is inherently good as sole consideration and not be based upon the effects of what such actions may produce such as the case in the consequentialist theory of cause. 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Management and the Business Environment Free Essays

string(59) " skill set of labors, Infrastructure, Knowledge base, etc\." Abstract Porter’s Diamond Model analysis reveals that all the important factors used in the assessment of a nations’ competitiveness in the global business, seem to indicate a positive score for India in both the embedded software as well as the robotics field. Industry friendly polices by government, continuously available pool of high quality IT professionals, world class IT research centers and flexible organizational culture have all contributed to this growth. Tax exceptions and infrastructural provisions made possible by the establishment of the Small Economic Zones across the country have greatly boosted industrial growth. We will write a custom essay sample on Management and the Business Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Porter Diamond analysis of the Indian software and embedded robotics sectors clearly suggests India’s high competitive stature in these industries. ABC Ltd should invest in India to capitalize on these advantages. Introduction International competition at the firm level has been extensively studied by economists and there are scores of literature. However, there is a distinct lack of economic theory pertaining to international competition at the country level. Since Adam Smiths theory of absolute advantage in the nineteenth century, there has been so much research into international trade theories. There followed the theory of comparative advantage by David Ricardo. Porter in 1990 proposed his new theory to explain the competitive advantage of nations in what is now familiarly known as the Porters National Diamond theory. Porter includes four national attributes that determine the competitive advantage of countries. These are ‘Factor Conditions’ , ‘Demand Conditions’, ‘Related and Supporting Industries’, ‘Firm strategy structure and rivalry’. (Smit, 2010) Porter’s model also includes two exogenous factors namely government policy and chance. Porter ’s competitiveness model though not widely accepted by economic theorists is much researched by management researchers. Porter’s Diamond model is used as a tool to analyze the existing home based advantages and how companies could exploit these factors at the global level. (Rugman Verbeke, 1993) Porter’s model could also be used to assess the scope and potential profitability in expansion of businesses overseas. This would aid in the investment plans of multinational corporations in the global business arena. Managerial researchers advice merging SWOT analysis along with Porter’s diamond analysis to analyze the competitiveness level. This paper applies Porter’s diamond model to assess the prospects of Indian Software industry in order to advice on the investment climate and the growth potential for American Robotics and embedded software company ABC Ltd. ABC Ltd. (The Company) ABC Ltd , is a company focusing on semi autonomous robotic devices useful in household applications such as vacuuming and cleaning services and providing embedded software solutions to a variety of clients in America. The company is looking to increase its market share by entering India attracted by its cheaper and high quality chip designing facilities as well as the rapidly growing embedded software market. The company not only plans to leverage the cost and production efficiencies that India offers but also to use the rapidly growing Indian middle class population as a target for its advanced and semi autonomous cleaning and vacuuming robots. With the current 50 million middle class Indian population slated to swell into more than 550 million people by 2025, entering the Indian market at this time would create a vast customer base for its home based robotic products. (ACMA, 2011) Particularly, since there is not much competition for its robotic products in the country, ABC Ltd wou ld gain the advantages of being the early entrant into the market. The thriving Indian economy would boost its business prospects enormously. Furthermore, the cost effective design solutions from India could help the company greatly reduce its product costs which would give comparative advantage for the products in America. With a proposed contract from the American government for its surveillance robots, the company might need to make its business process efficient and the Indian venture would fulfill that objective. Currently only looking to establish a design laboratory and a software company for its embedded software solutions, the company is also planning future expansion into a total assembly unit for its robotics division in Bangalore which is the IT hub of India. Since India is flourishing in software and since the country presents immense scope for the growth of robotics and embedded electronics, the company decided to analyze the business climate further. The management wanted to perform the Porter’s Diamond model analysis of India with respect to the software and electronics industry before actually venturing into the country. The following discussion is centered on a brief analysis of the competitive ability of Indian software and electronics industry in the global arena. Indian Software Industry Indian software industry is undoubtedly one of the successful industries that capitalized on the market opportunities that globalization offered. Some of the Indian Software giants such as Wipro, Infosys, and TCS have carved niche markets across the world securing multi million dollar contracts with a growing list of western clientele. Over the past decade or so the success story of the Indian software sector has attracted investments from major western software firms such as Microsoft, IBM , Cognizant technologies, Accenture etc. that have heavily invested in India as a source of their software design and development. The cost effective and high talent pool of Indian employee population has contributed to this remarkable success story of the software industry in India. Porter’s Diamond model framework describes the six attributes that contribute to the competitive advantage of a nation in any particular industry. These six attributes that were described above would be further explored in context of the Indian software industry. This would provide ABC ltd, an American software and robotics firm which is actively exploring the option of making a significant investment in India to develop an embedded software and robotics firm in the country. The following diagram illustrates the Porter’s Diamond model of assessing international competitiveness (Huang, 2011). Factor Conditions Factor conditions represent those factors that improve production in a country. These might include labor supply, resource or raw material supply, arable land, linguistic skill set of labors, Infrastructure, Knowledge base, etc. You read "Management and the Business Environment" in category "Essay examples" These factors are further classified into basic factors and advanced factors. According to Porter, the differences in nature and availability of these factor conditions that affect productivity give rise to competitive advantage to some nations over other. For instance the US being a huge country with vast arable lands is a big exporter of agricultural products across the world. On the other hand countries such as Japan which do not have such arable land depend mostly on exports of machinery and electronics goods. As a rising global economy Indian infrastructure is steadily improving over the last decade and it already has a very sophisticated digital and mobile communication infrastructure. Already 4G services are launched in the country. Furthermore, the highly qualified talent pool with computer degrees and research in computer applications gives it a distinct advantage in the advanced factors. The large pool of electronics and communication engineers in India is under utilized since there is a dearth of electronics industry in the country. However for ABC, Ltd this would mean the availability of electronics and telecommunication engineers for its new planned expansion of the robotics division. This, as porter says, gives India a distinct advantage in the advanced factors condition. (Porter, 1990) India currently ranks first in terms of the youngest population in the world with over 70% of the Indian population below thirty five years of age and more than 35% below 15. (Dyson, 2004) This as sures a steady stream of talented workforce. Demand Conditions Another important factor ascribed by porter in the evaluation of a nation’s competitiveness is its domestic demand. Investors are attracted to a country not just because of its position as a low cost production center but also because of the surge in local demand for the products. In India the electronics and robotics sector is growing at a steady pace currently but the growth is projected to be more than 10 times in the next 8 years. The statistics from a recent government report suggests the demand for electronic goods in India is slated to grow from $20 Billion in 2009 to $100 billion in 2020. (GOI, 2011) Therefore there is a large projected home demand for electronic goods in India. Similarly the market for IT products and services is slated to reach at least US$41.2bn by 2015. (MarketResearch, 2011) The demand for IT personnel is such that large companies retain significant bench strength so they can allot personnel to new projects as and when they start. Big firms such a s Microsoft also participate with many universities across India. The company’s I-Spark program is designed to boost entrepreneurship and innovation among students. (Microsoft, 2011) So both the software and the electronics sector are poised for high growth in the years ahead. Related and Supporting Industries The inclusion of the growth and the competitiveness of the supporting industries has a compounding effect on any industry. (Teece 1996) For the software sector, the semiconductor industry, computer hardware industry, the broadband infrastructure and computer academics are the related industries. These clusters impact the competition. (Porter, 1998) Though there is no chip development unit in India, Indian chip designers are far advanced than China and many big chip companies such as Intel, AMD and TI have moved most of their designing services to India making the country one of the largest chip designing facilities in the world. By 2013 the Indian chip designing services is slated to touch $10.2 billion. (Thomas, 2011) The broadband infrastructure in India is also rapidly developing making the country one of the best in the world in terms of internet connectivity. The recent rollout of very high speed 4G wireless internet services by Airtel, one of the leading broadband service provi ders of the country, is suggestive of the penetration of advanced communication services across the country. (Krishna, 2012) Furthermore the IT academic sector is also expanding fast in India with the premium research institutes such as the International institute of Information technology (IIIT) at Bangalore and several Indian institutes of technology (IIT) branches across the country offering advanced research and PhD programs in IT. At the school level too ICT is integrated into the curriculum. Therefore the combination of the growth factors of the related and supporting industries in India is adding to the competitive advantage of India as a nation in the global IT market. Firm Strategy, Structure and Rivalry This is another of Porter’s factors that could impact the competitiveness of a nation or an industry within the country. Firm structure, organization and culture maybe different in different countries and each structure has its own advantages and disadvantages. While many production companies follow the traditional hierarchical structure many other new and knowledge based firms have changed over to flat, team based and organic structures. (Amri et.al, 2010) Team based culture promotes employee participation and increased employee participation is viewed as the key to improve organizational productivity. (Perry et.al, 2006) In India most of software organizations have evolved into flat structures with young management. Indian software companies have an informal culture which is at the same time professionally managed. There is stress on optimizing productivity, improving efficiency and delivering products on time (Arora et.al, 2001). Chance events and Government Policies Chance events describe those events that are out of control and not natural to the environment of a country. Anything from rapidly fluctuation exchange rates, political instability, war, terror attacks, natural calamities such as earthquakes, tsunami, etc are chance events which affect the business competitiveness of an economy. Government policies have a significant impact on the other attributes of the Porter’s diamond model. For instance government policies can create a conducive environment for the growth of software exports or may deter the same. Particularly, tax policies, financial regulations including FDI permit and anti trust laws impact the competitiveness of a country. (Porter, 1990) Indian government polices facilitate software exports. The establishment of the Special Economic Zones (SEZ’s) in different states across the country is considered one of the important policy decisions by the Indian government that created a huge boost in the software exports se ctor in the country with the rapid entry of several multinational companies availing the industry friendly policies, incentives, and international level infrastructural facilities that were provide at these Special economic Zones. Some of these incentives include 100% exemption from income tax from the accrued profits for the first 5 years, total exemption of sales tax, services tax and a single window approval, SEZ companies permitted external borrowing of up to $500 million per year, etc. (GOI, 2009) The factors conditions, demand conditions, related industry support as well as the firm structure and strategy are all very attractive in India. The brief analysis of these factors along with the exogenous factors of chance and Government policies suggests that India scores well in the national competitive scale in the software industry. The analysis also indicated that the growth is projected to continue in the upward direction for many more years to come. With the recent Indian government stance of accepting even 100% FDI in many sectors the promise of economic growth in the country is immense. The demand for software products both internally as well as the export market are expected to increase tremendously. Previous studies including Porter’s diamond analysis have also attested to India being the choice destination for the software industry. (Kogut 1997) To sum it up we could say that India fairs well on all the factors of the Porters Diamond model of assessing national co mpetitiveness. Conclusion The software market in India is ripe and continues to grow at an alarming pace. The robotics and embedded electronics industry on the other hand, though in the early stages of development, is also expected to grow rapidly in the next few years. As the Porter’s Diamond Model analysis reveals, all the important factors that are used in the assessment of a nations’ competitiveness in the global business, seem to indicate a positive score for India in both the embedded software as well as the robotics field. Many reasons are attributed for this success of India. Industry friendly polices by government, continuously available pool of high quality IT professionals, world class IT research centers and flexible organizational culture have all contributed to this growth. Tax exceptions and infrastructural provisions made possible by the establishment of the SEZ’s across the country have greatly boosted industrial growth. Excellent telecommunication infrastructure and the availability of high speed 4G internet services will further propel the growth of the hardware and software industry in the country. ABC Ltd which is focusing on cost cutting and process optimization for its embedded robotics division would be greatly benefitted by launching its Indian operations as early as possible. Besides the cost effective service exports that are possible from the proposed Indian base, the company could also tap into the surging middle class market for its home appliance robots. In conclusion we can say that the Porter Diamond analysis of the Indian software and embedded robotics sectors clearly suggests India’s high competitive stature in these industries. ABC Ltd should invest in India to capitalize on these advantages. Reference ACMA (2011), Indian Auto Component Industry : An overview, viewed Apr 12th 2012, http://acmainfo.com/docmgr/status_of_auto_industry/status_indian_auto_industry.pdf A J Smith, (2010), The Competitive advantage of nations is Porter’s Diamond Framework a new theory that explains the international competition of countriesSouth African Business review, Vol 14, No 1. Alan M Rugman Alain Verbeke, (1993), How to Operationalize Porter’s diamond of international Competitiveness, International Executive, Vol 35 , issue: 4, Pages: 283-299 Ali Naghi Amiri, Majid Ramazan Abdollah Omrani, (2010), Studying the Impacts of Organizational Organic Structure on Knowledge productivity effective factors Case Study: Manufacturing units in a domestic large industrial group, European Journal of Scientific research, Vol.40 No.1, pp.91 -101 Ashish Arora, V.S. Arunachalam Jai Asundi et.al, (2001), The Globalization of Software: The case of Indian Software Industry, viewed Apr 12th 2012, GOI, (2011), National Policy on Electronics 2011, Viewed Apr 12th 2012, GOI, (2009) , Special Economic Zones in India , viewed Apr 12th 2012, Jai Krishna, (2012), Bharti launches 4G services in India, The Wall Street Journal, viewed Apr 12th 2012, James L Perry, Debra Mesch Laurie Pearlberg, (Aug 2006), Motivating employees in a new Governance Era : The performance paradigm revisited, Public Administration review, viewed Apr 12th 2012, Kogut, B. (1997), ‘Regional networks and markets’, In Monisha, D. (ed.), Proceedings of Academy of Management Symposium on Knowledge Capitalism: Competitiveness Reevaluated. Boston, MA Michael E. Porter, The competitive advantage of nations (N.Y.: PALGRAVE, 1990), 73-77. Michael E. Porter, 1997a. ‘New strategies for inner-city economic development’, Economic Development Quarterly, 11(1): 11–28. Michael E. Porter, 1998b. ‘Clusters and the new economics of competition’, Harvard Business Review, 76(6): 77–90. MarketSearch, (2001), Indian Information technology report Q3 2011, viewed April 12th Mohammad Naserbakht, Ezzatollah Asgharizadeh, Ali Mohaghar, Javad Naserbakht, (2008) , Merging the Porter’s Diamond model with SWOT method in order to analyze the Iranian technology parks competitiveness level, Portland International Conference on Management of Engineering Technology. Pub by ieee, Iss C, Pg 276-283 Microsoft (2011), Sparks of Innovation Light up Anna University, viewed Apr 12th 2012, Rumelt, R.P., Schendel, D. Teece, D. (1996), Fundamental Issues in Strategy: a Research Agenda. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press. Tim Dyson, (2004), 35% of India’s Population is Under 15!, viewed Apr 12th 2012, http://www.rediff.com/news/2004/feb/04inter.htm Trisha Thomas, (2011), 1.6 Lack employed in Chip Industry in India, viewed Apr 12th 2012, Yen –Hsin Huang (2011), An exploratory study of the competitive strategy of Cultural and creative industries in Taiwan, European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 20, Number 3. How to cite Management and the Business Environment, Essay examples

Novelty Variety Journal Mechanical Design -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Novelty Variety Journal Mechanical Design? Answer: Introduction Design Thinking is the system that is used by all creators for taking care of unpredictable and confounded issues and along these lines finding sensible answers for their customers (Johansson?Skldberg, Woodilla and etinkaya, 2013). This specific procedure draws upon the precise thinking, creative energy, instinct and rationale for investigating the potential outcomes of likely results and making the coveted outcomes, which would be gainful for the end client. I have learnt that outline believing is critical and helpful for any mind boggling issues. From my ten week after week writes beginning from seventeenth July 2017 to 30th September 2017, I have shared my total information in regards to configuration considering (Bjgvinsson, Ehn and Hillgren, 2012). I have talked about a wide range of points identified with configuration thinking like outline it, something new about plan considering, attitude up, conceptualizing and perception exercises, travel mapping, a portion of the outline a pparatuses, dialog and criticism on story board, building personas and dispatch design. I have shared my own encounters with respect to these subjects. In the accompanying report I have delineated my ten week after week writes that I have composed from seventeenth July 2017 to 30th September 2017. Each of the web journals is portrayed with my own encounters and the learning I have picked up from those exercises (Razzouk and Shute, 2012). The websites are totally in light of configuration considering and the exercises that I have done are on configuration considering. This report is a reflection on the ten week by week writes I have composed. I have given the portrayal of my week by week writes in the accompanying sections. Discussion This was the first class we had on design thinking.This was the five star we had on configuration considering. In this class, we were furnished with a paper and every one of us composed a sentence or two about the course (Melles, Howard and Thompson-Whiteside, 2012). Every one of us worked in gatherings. Practically everybody in my gathering chose for outlining of house. In any case, I was inflexible that I might decide on publicizing. My concentration was publicizing a few associations. We passed our paper to different gatherings and everyone endorsed our concept of promoting associations (Kolko, 2015). The significant goal of this errand and the top notch was to check whether our thought was acknowledged and endorsed by different gatherings or not. From the work I got an outline of the key ideas, hypotheses, hones and the interrelationships. So on the entire of the week 1 module 1, I comprehended the need of Design considering, how these outlines are connected, development of confi guration considering and the dispersion hypotheses in each phase of the advancement. Conduction of need examination for planning, enhancements in social, administration, business and computerized settings alongside applying outline procedures for prototyping thoughts and consequently set the answer for advancement of my thoughts for improvement. Design Processes This was the continuation of the top of the line (Plattner, Meinel and Leifer, 2012). Already, I had the possibility that outline it implies about planning the notice, however after this specific address, I comprehended that outline it implies finishing exercises and activities and make something better from it. In this class, we framed gatherings. The fundamental errand of our gathering was to investigate the issue and remain recognized about the inclusion of the clients of the items and whether they are content with the administration or not (Mootee, 2013). We needed to assess everything with respect to the client contribution.The five phases for Design Thinking are: Empathize, Define (the issue), Ideate, Prototype, and Test. Configuration thinking incorporates "developing" thoughts, with few, or no restrictions on expansiveness amid a "conceptualizing" stage not at all like investigation considering. So from the second module I comprehended that, Empathize is the finding out about the groups of onlookers; Define is development of perspectives in view of the need of the clients, Ideate for thinking of innovative arrangements and conceptualize, Prototype that assembles portrayal of thoughts and Test in which one can look at the thoughts. Design Theory In our third class, which was on 25th July, I believed that the intelligent thinking is the most vital factor with no sort of outline. When I was playing out this specific action, I was not clear about the idea of mentality (Howlett, 2014). Be that as it may, soon my questions were clear and the inquiries were replied. I comprehended that a positive attitude up implies when I can adjust or change my perspectives or discernments about everyone others. The changes are critical for me as they would help me in building up my profession. Negative attitude up happens when I won't change or modify my perspectives or observations about others under any conditions (Kolko, 2015). An originator ends up plainly fruitful when he would have a positive attitude up and is prepared to acknowledge everyone's perspectives or discernments. Design Problem I have learnt that conceptualizing and perception exercises are critical for any individual (Vianna, 2012). On the fourth class, we finished different exercises peformed that would help us in concentrating chiefly on the components of conceptualizing and perception. The two exercises we did depended on virtualization and production of anything new (Plattner, Meinel and Leifer, 2012). The fundamental occupation was to check the day by day exercises and scan for the issue. Likewise, the movement we did at last was to scan for the issues and settle them by the strategy for configuration thinking by just watching photographs. I was not feeling certain at first about illustration and endeavoring every one of the circles. In the second action, we were amazingly intrigued as we chose one of the articles and we chose USB or Universal Serial Bus lastly thought of a few creative thoughts for enhancing the USB or Universal Serial Bus for instance having nail cutters, and offices for light like light that demonstrates the accessible space (Kolko, 2015). In the last action, we just recognized the issues and thought of pertinent arrangements. Amid the end, we thought of the understanding that the significant issue individuals were confronting was identified with stopping. Individuals need to travel conveying their gear. Thusly they ought to be given particular gear transporter (Mootee, 2013). I was ready to look through the issues as well as give the significant arrangements that would be useful for taking care of those issues (Howlett, 2014). I have additionally comprehended the idea of perception, conceptualizing and also distinguishing the particular issues from the exercises and give the applicable answers for the issues. Design Research Journey mapping is a method that is used by different associations for helping those organizations to look what the clients need from the organizations. On our fifth class, we were furnished with an assignment of our training and voyage mapping in our college, Central Queensland University (Melles, Howard and Thompson-Whiteside, 2012). For this action, we concocted a few thoughts after talk with our gathering. This mapping of trip began the minute we came in out college that is Central Queensland University for our examinations. We were sincerely shaken while taking the choice for our particular excursion mapping to Central Queensland University. We were upbeat and in the meantime we were tragic for the culmination of our voyage (Purdy, 2014). We ought to have been cheerful after our fulfillment of the course, however we felt that where it counts in our heart we were pitiful. This one of those exercises that don't have an unmistakable beginning or completing focuses. This is the real element of this specific action. Design Research A few exercises and errands were performed while this specific workshop (Birkeland, 2012). At first the movement was to meet other individuals and the second action was thoroughly considering of the crate. In this movement, one part need to make inquiries to someone else about the particular every day exercises for instance what they do in the wake of getting up and before dozing around evening time (Pourdehnad, Wexler and Wilson, 2012). Be that as it may, the second action was about the association between every one of the connections with five straight lines without lifting up the pen from the paper. When we were playing out our meeting, we have arranged an arrangement of inquiries. When we were setting up our inquiries, I was in question that what ought to be the arrangement for the survey for the meeting and whether the inquiries were right or not for the meeting (Plattner, Meinel and Leifer, 2014). In addition, I likewise imagined that whether the inquiries will influence the conduct of that individual or not. The following thing we did was meeting each other. We need to look for the issues from those meetings. It was vital for the acknowledgment the primary purpose behind the issue. The inquiry was the reason (Carlgren, 2013). We saw how to conceive brand new ideas from the second action. This lesson was to a great degree required or required for every one of us. Design Prototype Improvement of idea are greatly required or required for any group. Numerous thoughts are acquired when a colleague is working in a specific group. The principle advantage a group gets is that each colleague has the specialization in a particular range and this specialization gives assistance to the whole group (Lammi and Becker, 2013). There were two outlining apparatuses. They were the quick prototyping and idea improvement. The quickest method for the formation of an unmistakable item in an exceptionally timeframe is known as fast prototyping. The real goal was to make the item inside the evaluated spending plan (Melles, Howard and Thompson-Whiteside, 2012). Amid the advancement of idea we were given an assignment to making a pastry. We had fragmented our whole gathering and one of our colleagues was given the duty regarding writing down all the required elements for making that pastry. For a case, one of our gathering individuals needed to scribble down about the names of the nat ural products, vegetables and every other fixing. After this specific advance, we at last made our pastry by the utilization of the right formula (Birkeland, 2012). During the time spent fast prototyping, we were given a subject of how to check the dependability of a specific worker (Howlett, 2014). It was exceptionally troublesome for the production of such a model yet by one means or another we made a poll. Groups help in the change and the advancement of the item amid the procedure of quick prototyping lastly spare time and cash. Design the (Learning) Launch The model we have examined was around a use of hostile to spoiler and was to a great degree intriguing. This model was made by another gathering (Plattner, Meinel and Leifer, 2014). It obviously spoke to the issues, the general population, who were confronting the issues. The gatherings were totally certain about their intended interest groups. The input was required for this application (Johansson?Skldberg, Woodilla and etinkaya, 2013). At last, the discourse were done about the model and could procure input about what should be possible for enhancing it. This model not just aides in decrease of cost and sparing the time. Positive criticisms were completely required for this action. The lesson we got from this specific action was making a model lastly conveying it to the clients (Bjgvinsson, Ehn and Hillgren, 2012). We additionally figure out how to recognize our clients and the utilizing of planning instruments. Building Personas Personas are the fanciful characters that are considered figuring out will's identity utilizing the items. In our ninth class, we learnt about personas (Lammi and Becker, 2013). This class helped me in recognizing our intended interest groups, showcase and their practices and prerequisites. When we were talking about action, we thought of formation of the personas. The attention was on the necessities of the clients (Vianna, 2012). Personas even help in making places of any business in the best generally advertise. Production of personas is the most straightforward way out for any business. it thinks about the enhancement of culture of the client. This is finished by giving a nonexistent name to the client. In addition, other data like his/her age, sex, nation and numerous more are additionally given. It covers the whole social condition of that persona. At the end of the day, everything that is available for an individual, is given to the fanciful client, persona (Johansson?Skldberg , Woodilla and etinkaya, 2013). In this specific workshop, the lesson we got was to build and make personas and to look for the objective clients in any business. Launch Plan After the advancement of the arrangement we made for our distinguished issue was the most fundamental segment for propelling our arrangement. The assets that required for propelling any arrangement in a business are the workers, money and the accomplices (Bjgvinsson, Ehn and Hillgren, 2012). The errand isn't as straightforward as it is by all accounts. In this specific workshop, we have learnt how an item can be propelled in a market. The real designs we embraced for the starting of our items incorporate channel administration, benefit administration, deals and a few advertising techniques. These specific sorts of advertising procedures are to a great degree accommodating for the estimation of the financial plan for the starting of the item. The panning of the starting is performed just when the item has breezed through its test. This testing of the item additionally helps in the focusing of the clients (Viswanathan and Linsey, 2012). From our tenth class, we thought about the distin guishing proof of the clients and about the starting of our items. Design the Designers The main objective of this module was to complete the assessed presentations that have been dictated in assessment 2, to revise reflective thinking and writing, to understand assessment 3 and to workshop assessment 3/engage with the tutor about assessment 3. As per the designer Concrete and practical (realistic) events and activities are needed and as some design thinking example Proximity Design can do good design which is designed and delivered in some affordable cost. This is said to be an income-boosting product and service. There are numerous design thinking projects that has been made and delivered for the betterment of daily life and people. Design for the Future Workshop And in the last module Design as aesthetics in business and in ones life, wider applicability of Design Thinking, Design for Growth, Design Thinking in Established Organisations, Continuous Design, Re-Design an Industry and Growth and Strategy. Full-on Design Thinking is not useful for just any kind of problem, e.g. basic decisions or very well understood problems. But for the future aspect exploring unknown certain possibilities, creating some value/differentiation that can help in betterment of the future and does not exist yet, exploring the growth of opportunities of an unfamiliar context. Solving the complex problems, especially which has not been solved yet by the traditional method. Conclusion In this way, I can finish up from the above conclusion that plan believing is the method that is used by all planners for taking care of mind boggling and confused issues and in this way finding sensible answers for their customers. This specific procedure draws upon the efficient thinking, creative energy, instinct and rationale for investigating the potential outcomes of plausible results and making the coveted outcomes, which would be gainful for the end client. Also, from my ten web journals beginning from seventeenth July 2017 to 30th September 2017, I have shared my total learning in regards to configuration considering. I have learnt that outline believing is critical and helpful for any mind boggling issues. I have talked about a wide range of themes identified with configuration thinking like outline it, something new about outline considering, attitude up, conceptualizing and representation exercises, travel mapping, a portion of the plan apparatuses, discourse and input on story board, building personas and dispatch design. I have shared my own encounters with respect to these themes. I have talked about in the above report about the subtle elements of my ten week after week writes. I have likewise portrayed how configuration believing is identified with individual encounters. The above report is just the impression of my ten week by week writes. References Birkeland, J. (2012). Design blindness in sustainable development: from closed to open systems design thinking.Journal of Urban Design,17(2), 163-187. Bjgvinsson, E., Ehn, P., Hillgren, P. A. (2012). Design things and design thinking: Contemporary participatory design challenges.Design Issues,28(3), 101-116. Carlgren, L. (2013).Design thinking as an enabler of innovation: Exploring the concept and its relation to building innovation capabilities. Chalmers University of Technology. Howlett, M. (2014). From the oldto the newpolicy design: design thinking beyond markets and collaborative governance.Policy Sciences,47(3), 187-207. Johansson?Skldberg, U., Woodilla, J., etinkaya, M. (2013). Design thinking: past, present and possible futures.Creativity and Innovation Management,22(2), 121-146. Kolko, J. (2015). Design thinking comes of age.Harvard Business Review,93(9), 66-71. Lammi, M., Becker, K. (2013). Engineering design thinking. Melles, G., Howard, Z., Thompson-Whiteside, S. (2012). Teaching design thinking: Expanding horizons in design education.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,31, 162-166. Mootee, I. (2013).Design thinking for strategic innovation: What they can't teach you at business or design school. John Wiley Sons. Noweski, C., Scheer, A., Bttner, N., von Thienen, J., Erdmann, J., Meinel, C. (2012). Towards a paradigm shift in education practice: Developing twenty-first century skills with design thinking. InDesign thinking research(pp. 71-94). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Plattner, H., Meinel, C., Leifer, L. (2012).Design thinking research. Springer. Plattner, H., Meinel, C., Leifer, L. (Eds.). (2014).Design Thinking Research: Building Innovators. Springer. Pourdehnad, J., Wexler, E. R., Wilson, D. V. (2012). Systems design thinking: A conceptual framework for their integration. ? ,4(6). Purdy, J. P. (2014). What can design thinking offer writing studies?.College composition and communication,65(4), 612. Razzouk, R., Shute, V. (2012). What is design thinking and why is it important?.Review of Educational Research,82(3), 330-348. Vianna, M. (2012).Design Thinking: inovaoemnegcios. Design Thinking. Viswanathan, V. K., Linsey, J. S. (2012). Physical models and design thinking: A study of functionality, novelty and variety of ideas.Journal of Mechanical Design,134(9), 091004.

Internet Users Turn Addicts Essays (946 words) -

Internet Users turn Addicts Matchmaker.com: Sign up now for a free trial. Date Smarter! Internet Users turn Addicts If you're an Internet user, you know who you are. They are among all of us in society, although many may choose to not acknowledge that they too, frequently use the Internet. As I sit here and look across the street, I see a man in front of his own computer; the screen glowing against the window behind him. He does not use his personal computer for work, he is a farmer. He has become what is known as an "Internet Junky". The addiction begins innocently. At the start, you are not even aware of the possibilities that may form from your excessive computer use. You begin to take an avid interest in e-mailing with your friends and family. Once the novelty of keeping in touch with your colleagues wears off, and researching starts to bore you, you may possibly expand your computer usage to chatting. Yes, chatting. It is something that is becoming more acceptable in our lives, but it is still looked down upon by many skeptics. Chatting through the Internet involves choosing an appropriate nickname for yourself (IE: Fisherman), and then finding a room where you feel compelled to spend time in. Once you've entered the room, other fellow chatters may say, "Hello...a/s/l (age/sex/location) please." And so begins the addiction. Once you become involved in meeting people online, it is difficult to break such a habit. You may even make a daily habit of it. People have been found to carry out exactly the same behavior, not only across the nation, but across the globe. In any one room, you may come across people from five different countries of the world. Granted, not everyone who stays online for hours on end, are enveloped in chatting, but it is more often then not, the cause for Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD). (Goldberg, MD) The prevalence of Internet Addiction Disorder has been increasing in number, hence a support group, among many, The Internet Addiction Support Group (IASG) has been developed. IAD, a "maladaptive" pattern for Internet use, is leading to impairment and/or distress caused by three (or more) of the following, at any time in a period of one year: "A) A need for markedly increased amounts of time on Internet to achieve satisfaction, B) Markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of time on Internet.", C) Reduction in Internet use which has been prolonged. (Goldberg, MD) Symptoms of Internet Addiction Disorder include: "A) Psychomotor agitation, B) anxiety, C) obsessive thinking about what is happening on Internet, D) fantasies or dreams about Internet, E) voluntary or involuntary typing movements of the fingers." These symptoms begin to cause conflict in "social, occupational, or another important area of functioning." People who become addicted, use the Internet to relieve or avoid withdrawal symptoms, which are similar to those brought on by the halt of drug use. The disorder is recognized by the "persistent desire" or "unsuccessful efforts" to minimize the Internet use. (Goldberg, MD) On June 14, 1998, ABC news reported that an "Internet crazed" Cincinnati woman was arrested for neglecting her three young children. The woman reportedly spent 12 hours straight online, while her hungry kids were locked away in a room so she could be online without interruption. (Associated Press) The Internet is rapidly becoming an addictive source to a lot of its users. Use of the Internet include: students, housewives, and business professionals. Some of these users spend a minimum of thirty-eight hours per week on the "net"; hence, losing touch with reality and reeking havoc on their studies, family lives, and even their careers. Based on level of addiction, there are three groups of Internet addicts: A) the "I'm-not-addicted-users", B) the "I-only-use-it-when-I-have-to-users", and C) the "Internet Junkies." (netaddiction.com) The "I'm not addicted users" are those who try to convince themselves that they are not addicted to the Internet. This group includes college students who don't go online during the day to prove to fellow classmates that they can do without getting online; only, to stay up all night in a chat room. College students are not the only people who fit in this category though. In general, these users are addicts but portray themselves otherwise in the presence of people. The "I only use it when I have to users", are those who make convenient excuses to go online. And finally, the "Internet Junkies" are unlike the addicts in the previous two groups, these users neither sneak online nor make excuses to get online. They put their lives on hold while

Narcissus and Goldmund Herman Hesse essays

Narcissus and Goldmund Herman Hesse essays Throughout this book Hesse continuously explores the idea of the conflict individuals experience when searching for their true identity. Narcissus and Goldmund, two medieval men whose characters are metaphors for the underlying theme of mans individual search for self and the human experience. Narcissus is a monk firm in his religious and intellectual beliefs or so he thinks, and Goldmund a youth hungry for knowledge and life experience. Narcissus the intellect living a purely academic life yet when Goldmund becomes part of his life, finds himself fighting the emotional part of his psyche. Goldmund is the total opposite, an individual born to live life to its fullest yet fighting those desires due to parental influences. The two men are diametrically opposite, even their names are metaphoric Narcissus the embodiment of pure intellect and Goldmund whos names translates as Golden mouth which indicates a hunger for life and worldly experiences. The story of both individuals are metaphors of the ways and degree that one can lead a life. Narcissus has a hermetic existence in his ivory tower with his pure thought , reasoning and self sufficient loneliness for companions. He is closed off from life in the monastery the acetic who is totally unaware of lifes cycles. Goldmunds so called vagabond lifestyle rich in experience, free spirit and free choices. I feel here that it is important to Hesse that it be stressed that the extreme of any life style such as in this story is actually dangerous to the individual, and according to Hesse himself ( Comments from a conversation with Rudolf Koester) the development to become a personality with privilege to think, feel, and act independently is the primary responsibility of the individual. Extremes such as a complete withdrawal into a hermetically sealed ego is as dangerous as the individual who succumbs to the allure of conformi ...

Chewing and Sound Localization Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Chewing and Sound Localization - Research Paper Example Sound localization is the ability of a listener to identify the source or origin of a sound, in this paper we focus on the factors affecting sound localization, this study is performed to establishing whether chewing has an effect on sound localization. Chewing leads to head movements that may affect sound localization, according to previous studies undertaken head movements affect sound localization. This paper analysis response from ten participants whose sound localization errors were recorded while and while not chewing, data collected helped test the hypothesis whether chewing affected localization. The following is an analysis of research undertaken by scholars in the past and the results of the study. Many studies have been undertaken in the past regarding sound localization, however majority of this studies have been undertaken with immobilized heads and very few have been undertaken while respondents were chewing. A study by Wallach (1939) showed that head movements affected sound localization, in his study participants were allowed to rotate their head, tip their head and even pivoting. Results show that head movements affected sound localization by participants. However it was also evident that the sound moved with the head. Mangles and Runge (1967) sound localization study results showed that Monaural is as good as binaural when movements were allowed, participants were a... Hypothesis and prediction The hypothesis that was tested is whether chewing have any effect on ability to detect the direction of sound, the null hypothesis is that chewing has no effect on sound localization and the alternative hypothesis is that chewing increased the mean error score for localization. We test this hypothesis by performing a T test that will compare the two means from the two tests, we expect that we will reject the null hypothesis that the two means are equal and accept the alternative hypothesis that states that the two means are not equal. Null hypothesis: a = b where a is the mean error score for localization for test one and two are equal and alternative hypothesis a b or a Methods: In order to test our hypothesis a sample of ten individuals was randomly selected. The sample was further subdivided into two groups which included those would first chew and data collected and then data recorded with the absence of chewing. For the other group data was to be collected without chewing and then data would be collected while chewing. The experiment was carried out using MAT LB computer software, participants sat in front of a computer and given headphones, they were then asked to locate the source of sound 180 degrees in front. The condition was that the participants would chew and then stop chewing and then they were allowed five minutes where they would continue with the second condition which is no chewing and then chew. For each of these two conditions

Frozen yorgurt Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Frozen yorgurt - Essay Example It otherwise suffers from its flexibility, excess calories and loses its freshness very fast. Red Mango is the best to control, but it has limited the number of flavors. It is awesome when used as a supplement. As a result, it is somewhat costly. There is Baskin Robbins that contains thirty-one flavors, is readily affordable and is consumable at home in cakes. The blow to this category is its self-inefficiency and does not create such a welcoming atmosphere (Ahmed, Haroun and Eisa). Another competitor is the yogurt land that is not artificial, but is affordable. It contains moderate fats and has a taste of its kind. Reasons, why one would prefer frozen yogurt to the others, include its affordability ad lovely feel. It brings fewer health risks thus suitable for the growing youngsters. Considering that it’s painless, it provides an opportunity to couple with other staff including chocolate, candy, granola and fruits. Other benefits include the cooling effect it has during the summer, the awesome savor. Some advantages are personal like creating a beautiful moment when catching up with colleagues and creating an opportunity to spend time with

Logistics Transportation Cost Analysis Outline Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Logistics Transportation Cost Analysis - Outline Example The successful completion of the proposed study is expected to come with several significant advantages. Whereas some of these benefit the field of logistics literature, others will be useful for professional logistics practice. As far as literature is concerned, it is expected that the study will fill most gaps that exist in the academia about logistics transportation cost analysis. By so doing, ongoing and future researchers would have very strong conceptual basis on which they will establish their own research. Very often, conducting research with limited resources for conceptual framework makes the research lack credibility because the researchers have to rely on personal intuition and reasoning instead of fact backed evidence. But where there are gaps in literature, researchers have very limited options than choosing such unproductive means. By concluding this study therefore, most gaps relating to the relationship between transportation cost and transportation tools, as well as the importance of scientific design transport network shall be put in context. From a more practical context, this study shall be conducted through the use of primary data collection, which means that there will be realistic interventions about how existing issues of logistics cost can be addressed within organisations. Waters (2003) lamented of the high degree of cost associated with logistics transportation, which makes companies fail on realising the real advantages that should come with SCM.

Knowledge Of Nursing Watsons Theory Of Human Caring Nursing Essay

Knowledge Of Nursing Watsons Theory Of Human Caring Nursing Essay The improvements in health care system have placed a burden on the nurses workload and responsibilities. Along with this burden, nurses have often disregarded their caring attitude when faced with taxing situations. Jean Watson, famous for her Theory of Human Caring, wants the nurses to learn to cope with the complexities arising in every circumstance and to find ways of preserving their caring practice. The aims of this paper are the following: to utilize the synthesized literature regarding Jean Watsons theory in order to evaluate its relevance to my personal experience. To utilize the theory to guide client-centered care and provide its implications to my future nursing practice. Literature Review Jean Watson views caring as the most valuable attribute nursing has to offer to humanity, yet caring has received less emphasis than other aspects of nursing over time (Watson, 2006). She believes that the disease might be cured but illness would still remain because without caring, health is not fully attained (Watson, 2006). Caring is the essence of nursing and it connotes responsiveness between the nurse and the patient (Watson, 2006). The ten carative factors, transpersonal caring relationship and the caring occasion constitute the elements of the Theory of Human Caring (Watson, 2006). In a study done by Ryan (2005) states that the nurses who were involved in her research have all agreed that they adopted and enact the caring theory in their everyday practice despite the obstacles that envelops them. The common theme found in the articles and was also emphasized in the theory are the use of effective communication and the nurses caring moments spent with the patients (Watson, 200 6). Watson defined caring moments contact between patient and the nurse and the impact of the nurse to the patient that can produce a threatening or secure environment (Watson, 2006). Clarke (2009) also believes that these moments transform both the patient and nurse and binds them together. However, Hau (2004) opposed this by stating that the quality time spent in practicing holistic care is often unnecessary and unappreciated by other patients. She further stated that accurate nursing assessments, competent technical skills and abundance of medical resources are the main factors that facilitate the patients speedy treatment and discharge (Hau, 2004). However, Christiaens, Abegglen Rowley (2008) believes that it is a fact that a number of physical symptoms rooted from mental/emotional/spiritual problems and improvements in quality of life are gained from it is through an effective holistic, client-focused caring that will improve their quality of life. To further confirm this beli ef, a comprehensive meta-analysis of 130 studies done conducted by Kristine Swanson (1999) reported that patients who received an effective holistic care have improved emotional-spiritual well being, decrease hospital costs, and an increase in trust relationships as opposed to those who did not receive quality holistic care who experienced decreased healing, vulnerability and lingering bad memories. Critical Analysis Based on the literature gathered, Sharon, the nurse who was a part of my personal experience demonstrated an exceptional application of Jean Watsons theory in her practice. According to Watson, health cannot be fully attained without caring and my experience was an example of an excellent holistic care in combination with competent technical nursing skills. Sharon attended to my post-operative state by providing me her presence and prompt responses to my non-verbal cues. Sharons caring impact made a huge difference to my emotional well being which resulted to an overall positive impression during my hospital stay. I felt empowered despite my non-verbal condition because I knew my concerns were being responded to and I felt secured while I was under her care. Watson believes that the theory of caring is an endorsement of professional nursing identity and what Sharon demonstrated throughout my care is what embodies the nursing profession. The theory could be used not only by nurses tha t are working in a hospital setting but also in places faced with oppression, natural disasters, poverty and injustice. Watsons theory emphasizes the humanistic aspects of nursing in combination with scientific knowledge, so it can be also applied in research by finding ways on how to deliver nursing care efficiently and in means that is acceptable to the patient. It guides the nurse to go beyond the application of technical nursing skills and show more concern towards the subjective and deeper meaning of the patient towards his/her health situation. Integration of the theory in my future nursing practice will assist in managing my priorities in order to spend uninterrupted time with my patients and pay attention to their fears or concerns regarding their care. It will aid in removing my biases and accepting the patient as unique individual regardless of their physical appearance, socioeconomic status, emotional needs or level of compliance. Lastly, it will remind me that every pati ent needs my unconditional support, positivity and encouragement to facilitate a faster recovery of not only the physical aspect of their stay but also the emotional/spiritual as it is a factor that will improve their quality of life. Conclusion The Theory of Human Caring can give language to what was before just thoughts and ideas regarding nursing. It guides nurses so that they can see, learn and express their own unique role in health care. Moreover, this theory shall bring the nurses to a realization that we need to transcend ourselves from a state that views nursing not as a job, but as a gratifying profession-a life-giving, life-receiving career for a lifetime of growth and learning.

Comparing Saint Augustine and Charles Taylors Ideas of Authenticity Es

Comparing Saint Augustine and Charles Taylor's Ideas of Authenticity The notion of authenticity is one of self-fulfillment and Charles Taylor recognizes that there are dangers in accepting modernity’s drive toward self-realization. However, he is not willing to give up on this idea of â€Å"authenticity.† In The Ethics of Authenticity, Taylor lays out a system of thought and morals that connect our search for self-realization with our desire towards self-creation. He is attempting to keep a form of individualism while still operating under objectivism. He will point out the good and damaging aspects of the modern development of an authentic self and mention the importance of some moral measurement system. Taylor claims that St. Augustine initiated a concept of inwardness, a turning towards the inner self to find truth and the idea of authenticity is simply a further development of Augustine’s inwardness. In this paper I will discuss in detail Taylor’s idea of authenticity: the pros and cons. I will lay out some of his arguments as to why he thinks this idea originated with Augustine. I will talk about Augustine’s view on the inner man and how this is connected with knowledge and memory. I will then talk about some of Augustine’s views. Freedom is also an important aspect to moral conduct so I will explore both Taylor’s and Augustine’s view of freedom. Finally, I will argue that the ideal of authenticity (although it contains some truth) is not an ideal that Augustine would promote. Three Modern Worries Taylor begins the book by discussing three worries of modern society. The first is individualism which is selfish and self-centered. The modern concept is bothersome because people see freedom as loosening the chains of traditional notions of hierarchy. We have become a society where we are breaking away from â€Å"older moral horizons.† Everything in creation is connected in some way and when there is a loose hierarchy there follows a loose meaning of life. The â€Å"dark side of individualism† the focuses on the self in such a way that it flattens and narrows the framework which give significance and meaning to human life. The second trouble is the dominant attention given to instrumental reason. Instrumental reason values efficiency above all other goods. Nothing else is considered sacred or has intrinsic value, only extrinsic value. The question is how usef... ...y for us humans. I think it is, but only to the extent that we open ourselves to God, which means in fact, overstepping the limits set in theory by exclusive humanisms. Taylor’s idea of authenticity does give way to many warnings. It is analogous to walking a tight rope. If one leans too much to one side (which in all reality may not be much at all) it can lead to disaster. He adopts a lot from the Romantics and the focus is too much on the individual. Although he does try to get away from too much emphasis on the individual by mentioning the â€Å"horizons of significance† he still does not give us an idea of what this hierarchy consists. People may look inside themselves to formulate this hierarchy but this again can lead to subjectivism. It seems to suggest that there could be a variety of heirachies and who is to say that one is better than the other. Also the ambiguity of his idea of freedom only leads to more ambiguity on his idea of authenticity. These are all problems that Taylor must address if one is to get a clearer concept of his project. If Saint Augustine were to read Taylor I think he would find these worries and suggest that Taylor’s central focus should be on God.

Why Fat People are Funny In Hollywood

The quote listed in the title comes from 2009 box-office hit The Hangover. The events that incite Mr. Chow (played by Ken Jeong) to say laughing â€Å"it's funny because he's fat† feature Alan Garner (played by Zach Galifianakis) charging at Mr. Chow, who is stomping on Alan's satchel, and exclaiming â€Å"Hey! There are skittles in there! † (Hangover 76:55; 76:45). In return Alan is punched in the stomach by one of Mr. Chow's henchmen, causing Mr. Chow to laugh hysterically and simultaneously slip â€Å"it's funny because he's fat† out of his mouth (Hangover 76:55).Clearly in the scene, the overweight character, Zach Galifianakis, is the butt of the joke as he is punched very hard in the stomach and then laughed at for his stupidity and weight. In modern movie making, overweight comedians have had a critical role in humor in films. Stars such as John Black, Seth Rogen, and Zach Galifianakis are modern examples of such characters, but in the last thirty years, ma ny other large comedians have developed and popularized similar roles in films.The overweight funny man in film has evolved into a more personal, relatable character due largely in part to their accurate reflection of the United States obesity problem. These characters have also created their own genre, a genre that has evolved out of slapstick comedy, yet remains in the realm of realism. This genre, which often involves immature and physical pain, yet remains plausible and not fake (like earlier slapstick humor), continues to bring new fans to the cinema and create greater love for this group of comedians.This paper will explain funny fat people's emergence, humor, and popularity in American cinema. Evolution of Slapstick Comedy in Films When was the first comedy film? John Montgomery suggests it â€Å"may well have been Fred Off's Sneeze, filmed in 1894 by William K. L. Dickson. The film was produced for Thomas Edison's Kinetoscope Company in the ‘Black Maria' Kinetographic Theatre which Dickson built for Edison in West Orange, New Jersey† (Montgomery 17). This film was released just three years after Edison's invention of the Kinetoscope in 1891.It is not a coincidence that a comedic piece of film was released soon after the production of the moving picture, but it simply suggests the necessity of comedic entertainment in American culture. From the early days of film, comedy became a staple on American cinema. In the early twentieth century, films were silent and featured many comedies. The initial type of comedy featured was slapstick comedy, which â€Å"was a gift to America from France† (Durgnat 67). The term slapstick evolved from â€Å"the double paddles formerly used by circus clowns to beat each other.The loud crack of the two paddle blades as they crashed together could always be depended upon to produce laughter and applause† (Dale 1). Slapstick is a type of comedy involving exaggerated physical violence and activities wh ich exceed the boundaries of common sense. The first American slapstick comedy producer was Mack Sennett, who with the help of actor/producer Charlie Chaplin, created many hilarious films loved by the American people (Durgnat 70). In these films, there was no audio component, requiring all humor to be dependent on physical actions (Montgomery 18).Raymond Durgnat states that â€Å"in early Chaplin, Dough and Dynamite (1915), the human body is all but reduced to an apparatus for punching, kicking, ducking and dodging† (Durgnat 69). Chaplin has been considered the â€Å"master clown† and in 1916, Chester Conklin, an actor and comedian, stated â€Å"without a doubt the one person who has been most successful in making people laugh is Charlie Chaplin† (Montgomery 108). Chaplin and others continued to produce silent slapstick comedy films through the Roaring Twenties, a time when film became increasingly popular and very successful.In 1926, Warner Brothers introduced the first film with audio attached. Because of the imperfections of the initial product and smaller budgets in the 1930s due to the Great Depression, films with an audio component remained imperfect, allowing silent films to retain their popularity and stay popular and not outdated. Following Chaplin and the others of the first generation of slapstick comedy was the Three Stooges: Larry Fine (born Louis Fienberg), Moe Howard (born Moses Horwitz), and Curly Howard (born Jerome Horwitz) (Matlin 163). This trio continued to produce popular short films and a few feature films until the late 1950s.The Three Stooges were the last true slapstick comedians, where Leonard Matlin argues that the use of â€Å"clever scripting and direction places the physical burden on others but still gives the Stooges elbowroom in which to clown† (Matlin 168). The Three Stooges were some of the last slapstick films, which essentially died out as many other forms of comedy emerged onto the film scene. One of these styles of humor Louise Dobson describes in a 2006 edition of Psychology Today as ‘hate-me humor', a style in which â€Å"you are the butt of the joke for the amusement of others† (Dobson 76).She continues stating this character is often the â€Å"familiar clown† or â€Å"fat guy† and includes examples like John Belushi and Chris Farley (Dobson 76). Dobson directly identifies the â€Å"fat guy† as an example of such comedy because of how popular these comedians have become. From this article it is evident that funny fat people are essential to American comedy, so much so that the author is able to classify them as the ‘fat guy' and American readers are able to identify with popular overweight comedians. Although there appears to be a reasonable argument that this comedy genre  falls into ‘hate-me-humor', I would suggest that these comedians exist as an of slapstick comedy.The laughs these characters receive come from the sa me qualities the original slapstick comedians, like Charlie Chaplin, shared. Raymond Durgnat describes this stating â€Å"Slapstick comedians are childlike, and in consequence act out the impulses which as adults we suppress† (Durgnat 72). If you replace Durgnat's word ‘slapstick' with overweight, the sentence would read: overweight comedians are childlike, and in consequence act out the impulses which as adults we suppress.Looking at many overweight comedians we see that this very well could be the case. The characters impulsive and childish actions are very common in their films (many examples to follow in next section) and generate laughs similar to those of traditional slapstick humor. In recent years, no director has released a true slapstick comedy film. The genre has been avoided (except in children's cartoons) in movies perhaps because the producers believe that the modern American culture is too advanced for this immature, simplistic, outdated humor.In reality, current comedy has progressed into a new form of slapstick comedy, where the exaggerations have been toned down and the humor has become a little more realistic. Looking through the last four decades we can see countless examples of films featuring this realistic slapstick humor. These characters tend to be lovable, goofy, wild and consistently overweight. Modernization of Slapstick Comedy: Realistic Physical Humor. In order to analyze the continuation of slapstick humor in American cinema, a look at the period immediately following the Three Stooges (the last true slapstick productions) is essential.In 1963, the release of the first Pink Panther film, starring Peter Sellers marked a new era for slapstick comedy. The Pink Panther series stretched nearly two decades with Sellers as the star, relied on slapstick humor, yet remained plausible. Most scenes from the Pink Panther movies are absurd and over the top in every manner, yet the events of the plot could be realistic, creating a new breed of slapstick comedy. At the end of the Pink Panther's dominance, National Lampoon released Animal House in 1978, starring several actors including John Belushi.Following the release of the film, Belushi evolved as the work’s centerpiece providing countless hysterical events. In the movie, John ‘Bluto' Blutarsky (played by John Belushi) appeared in about a dozen scenes, yet is the most memorable character of the film through his ridiculous actions. In the movie he rarely speaks, and acts very childish, both parallel pieces of the earliest slapstick comedians. Belushi has a handful of memorable quotes and scenes, most of which are truly ridiculous, yet believable.He has several immature one line quotes including: â€Å"Toga! Toga! †, â€Å"Blow-job!†, â€Å"Holy Shit! Holy Shit! Holy Shit! †, and â€Å"Food Fight! † (Animal House 44:00; 63:55; 30:25; 35:37). All of these quotes fit perfectly into the description of â€Å"childlike a nd in consequence act out the impulses which as adults we suppress† that the classic slapstick comedians possessed (Durgnat 72). Bluto continues to act wildly doing many things including falling off of a ladder trying to peep in a sorority window, crushing a beer can on his head, smashing a guitar someone else is trying to play, and chugging an entire bottle of Jack Daniel's and smashing it on a car.All of these actions are absurd and exaggerations of what any human might do in a similar scenario, yet all are possibly plausible. A last scene from Animal House that demonstrates the evolution of slapstick comedy begins with Bluto (Belushi) going through the lunch line where he stacks a ridiculous amount of food on his tray and in his pockets. While doing this he also stuffs enormous amounts of the food in his mouth, including a hamburger in one bite. He then proceeds to sit down at a table filled with some clean cut preppy students.There he is ridiculed for his eating habits and called a â€Å"P. I. G. pig† (Animal House 34:35). In response to being classified as a pig, he attempts to be a zit, stuffing his mouth with mashed potatoes and spraying everybody at the table by mashing his cheeks with his hands as seen in the following picture (Animal House 34:55): The focus of the scene is the unrealistic quantity and grossly unhealthy quality of food Belushi eats as well as the animalistic, childish manner in which he feasts.Following the incident he proceeds to be chased around the cafeteria, ultimately ending in a brawl and food fight. The sequence of events in this scene all are extremely humorous, yet very childish and exaggerated beyond what any viewer would expect from a twenty year old man. However, all of the actions in the scene are perfectly capable of being true, making this portion of the film extremely humorous in its realistic slapstick fashion. Nearly a decade later, in 1987, Planes, Trains, and Automobiles featured John Candy, another ov erweight comedian.In this film, the progression of slapstick comedy continues paralleling Belushi's contributions to the genre. Candy acts extremely childish and wildly, yet his actions remain plausible, exhibiting similar humor to that of John Belushi. In Planes, Trains, and Automobiles Candy's humor can fully be grasped in a scene on a commercial plane flight. On the plane, co-star Steve Martin has just been downgraded from first class to coach seating, and finds his seat next to John Candy. It quickly becomes clear that Candy fills up way too much of the seat, creating an uncomfortable situation.To make things worse Candy proceeds to take off his shoes in order to help relax, clearly releasing a disgusting odor observed by others in seats around him. He continues his gross movements by taking off his socks and spinning them around to air them out. When doing so, his dirty sock is very close to Steve Martin's face, and based on the expression on Martin's character it is clear that the sock smells wretched. This act is unbelievable, childish, and ridiculous, all similar characteristics of slapstick comedy.Later in Planes, Trains, and Automobiles, John Candy continues to provide humor through another similar evolution of slapstick comedy, where he accidentally spills several beers on the bed in which he (who barely fits on the bed alone because of his enormous frame) and a complete stranger share. The move is very careless and results in an incredibly uncomfortable situation that makes the audience laugh hysterically because of the continuation of unfortunate events all linked to Candy's childish careless actions.A last scene from this film takes place in a rental car, after the duo (Martin and Candy) have managed to run into every problem possible on a trip to Chicago to get home for Thanksgiving. In the car, Candy attempts to get comfortable by tampering with the seat position. He uses the buttons on the side of the seat, jerking the seat around for a few mi nutes, failing to find a satisfactory position. Although Martin has persistently told him to stop and that he will break the seat, he continues on until ultimately he breaks the seat, making it uncomfortable and unmovable.Following the seat incident, he continues his path of destruction. After smoking a cigarette, he drops the butt out the window. However due to the wind, it blows into the back seat of the car ultimately sending the back seat up in flames and roasting the entire car. In this quick scene, Candy manages to act immaturely and rambunctiously resulting in the destruction of the car. The remains of slapstick comedy are clearly evident in this scene, climaxing with the unreasonable fate of the rental car.The absurdity of someone so overweight that he breaks a seat and the reality of seeing a car explode in flames seem like a moment from a slapstick cartoon, yet the film is completely plausible due to the overweight and clumsy nature of Candy. Following John Candy's death i n the early 1990s, Chris Farley emerged as the next overweight star, both on television and in a few Hollywood films. His humor was similar to that of John Candy and also very comparable to the works of John Belushi.In an article praising the life of Chris Farley following his death in Rolling Stone magazine, the author states â€Å"we talked about his hero and Saturday Night Live predecessor, John Belushi. It was well known that Farley had been obsessed with Belushi, and people loved making much of this fact, since the two seemed to share a love of certain rather common excesses† (Hedegaard 39). Looking at Tommy Boy, produced in 1995, John Belushi's influence on Chris Farley becomes apparent through Farley's role and performance in the film.In Tommy Boy, Chris Farley stars as the protagonist, an immature and dimwitted heir to an auto parts factory who must save the business to keep it from take-over and away from evil relatives. Throughout the film, Farley's childish actions bring laughs to audiences of all ages. To begin the film, Tommy (Chris Farley) is shown in a flashback as a young school boy rushing to class, late as always. In this scene he runs full speed into a glass sliding door, shouting â€Å"Holy Schnike! † (Tommy Boy 0:44). The film then skips several years and shows an older Tommy, in his seventh year of college.Although the older character is much larger (Chris Farley was very large), he mirrors the young middle school version of Tommy because he is pictured doing the same action: rushing to class (late again). In this scene, he is scene trying to take a short cut through some hedges, but runs full speed into a newly put up fence, hitting his head very hard and exclaiming â€Å"Holy Schnike! † again (Tommy Boy 2:02). From these scenes which mesh together, we can clearly see the immaturity of the character, yet the viewer gets many laughs through the physical pain Farley endures.These actions take place in the first minute of the film, and really set the tone for the rest of the movie. In the film, Tommy is seen acting very foolishly on many accounts: he consistently runs into sliding glass doors, he gets hit in the head with a two-by-four piece of construction wood, he hits his head on a forklift after not listening to his father say heads up, he slips and gets covered in cow manure when trying to go cow tipping, and he rips his friends blue blazer because he is too big for it. Consistently, Tommy releases very childish comments, and he is largely responsible for destroying his friend’s beloved car.In the film, the actions Farley takes mirror concepts that defined slapstick comedy. His childish and extreme actions are all very similar to this genre of comedy. Farley extends this comedy to make it more personal and relatable as the protagonist becomes more developed. His actions are all very extreme and in many incidents would cause physical pain. Although painful or ridiculous, all actions tha t take place in the movie could take place in real-life, making the audience relate to the comedy. In one scene in particular, Tommy pushes the realm of reasonable office behavior.In an attempt to sell auto products for his company, he acts out an anecdote with his customer's nice model cars. In his story he gives two examples of how a similar scene could play out with two different brakes. In the first action, the car has on Callahan Brake Pads (his company’s) and is able to stop in front of a obstacle that is suddenly in front of the car (a lighter also on the desk). While showing this action he has a complete narrative stating â€Å"You're drivin' along, la-de-da, woo. All of a sudden there's a truck tire in the middle of the road. And you hit the brakes. EEEEEEEEE!Whoa, that was close† (Tommy Boy 35:30). He then proceeds stating â€Å"Now let's see what happens when you're driving with the â€Å"other guy's†[does quotation marks with fingers] brake pads. Yo u're drivin' along, you're drivin' along, the kids start shouting from the back seat, ‘I gotta go to the bathroom, Daddy! ‘ ‘Not now, damn it! ‘ Truck tire. EEEEEEEE! I CAN'T STOP! † (Tommy Boy 35:45). He then rams the model car into the lighter smashing the car of the customer. Farley then gets really into the story acting out voices of a narrator, the kids, the parents, and eventually the paramedics who respond to the scene.In the scene, some of his quotes include â€Å"No! I can't feel my legs †¦ Here comes the meat wagon †¦ And the medic gets out and says, ‘Oh my God. ‘†¦ New guy's around the corner puking his guts out† (Tommy Boy 36:05). He also finishes the crash by setting the crushed car on fire with the lighter and calmly collects himself making his point casually stating â€Å"All because you want to save a couple extra pennies† (Tommy Boy 36:20). This scene is a clear example of Farley taking over a sc ene that could have easily been executed much more peacefully, maturely, and professionally.But the director and Chris Farley decided to execute the scene wildly and immaturely so that viewers see the scene in awe as they cannot believe how overdone he makes the episode. The film is full of scenes like this one, which leave the audience in shock at how a human could act in such a manner. They key to the humor brought about in the film is much like that of Belushi and Candy, it remains believable: although unlikely, all actions in the film could possibly occur in a person's life. Through looking at these three overweight comedians we see the progression of the same genre of comedy.The slapstick comedy that first featured Charlie Chaplin and other silent film comedians progressed into slapstick comedy with audio, like the Three Stooges. Following the Three Stooges, the horseplay that was extreme and in many ways violent and not possible for a person to survive, died out. In return, se veral years later comedians like Belushi rediscovered the art of making a career out of horseplay in every film or television show in which they appeared. Following the mold Belushi made, many other actors have morphed their careers into similar roles.Through the years the importance of the overweight comedian has grown dramatically. In 1978, John Belushi was a minor character in Animal House. Although his few scenes (around a dozen) are the most memorable from the film, his role contained very few lines and he was never intended to be the star of the film. Looking forward nearly a decade later, John Candy in Planes, Trains, and Automobiles promoted his role to the supporting actor, though not the protagonist of the film.In this film, we learn much more about the character (a back story, his emotions, etc.) than we did of Belushi in Animal House. Belushi's character, Bluto, has apparently been in college for several years and the odds of him graduating appear slim. Other than this, we have no other information on the character. For Candy's character, Del, we find out much more about his life as a shower ring salesman as he appears in nearly every scene and is a much better developed character. Finally looking at Tommy Boy, released almost two-decades after Belushi, the American audience sees the fat wild character as the protagonist of the work.Chris Farley's character, Tommy, is the clear protagonist of the film (the film is even titled after the character's name). Farley's character has a well developed character, as the viewer is well informed of the character's entire family and Tommy's flaws and strengths. Why Overweight? Following in the footsteps of the unrealistic, unsurvivable slapstick comedy to the more plausible realistic feature films, the role of the fat comedian progressed to the center of the film. Perhaps the movement towards realism reflects American’s recognition of their own overweight society.The United States is the world's most ob ese country. In an attempt to explain this epidemic, Greg Critser published Fat Land: How Americans became the fattest people in the world. This work highlights new research that claims cheap fats and sugars as the source which causes our calories to stick and shows why children are too often the chief metabolic culprits of such foods. He clearly claims that we (Americans) have been telling ourselves lies about how much we can eat and how little we can exercise.He attempts to expose the nutritional value (or lack thereof) in schools as well as political and cultural forces that have caused American’s fitness to continue to decrease (Critser 23). Critser debunks all eating patterns and even diet books in an attempt to explain why they do not work and only supplement the obesity problem in the United States. Although a slightly humorous book, Critser's message is very serious; the lack of a balanced nutritional diet (which he provides to the best of his understanding) and reduc ed exercise has set a death trap for many people in America, leading to an obesity problem.Hollywood has capitalized on the acceptability of overweight people, and has used and continues to use actors bearing this unhealthy lifestyle in order to provide entertainment (usually humorous) to the United States (Critser 25). The comedians explored in the previous pages share one common obvious trait, their weight. John Belushi, John Candy, and Chris Farley were all obese. The reason why they were overweight will never be fully understood, whether it was genetics, poor eating, lack of exercise, pressures of society, or bad habits. The fact is that all these men were huge, and remained large until their respective deaths.Not only were all of these men overweight, they were also well loved. In a People Magazine article following the death of John Candy, the author concludes â€Å"in the end, of course, no one can say for certain whether diet and self-denial would have prolonged Candy's lif e a single day. Only one thing is sure: Already Candy is missed† (Harmes 97). Similarly in a Canadian magazine an author begins â€Å"While all of us feel as though we've lost someone we knew personally,† showing another example of the attachment fans had with such comedians (Candy in both of these instances) (The Untimely Passing 9).Like Candy, Chris Farley had his fair share of praises in a Rolling Stone Magazine stating â€Å"almost everyone loved Farley, and it was a genuine love, not a Hollywood love† (Hedegaard 40). Through these accounts praising the lives of such overweight comedians, it becomes clear that the actors really connected with their audience and gained a sincere affection from their fans. The love they generated came through both the laughs they consistently provided America as well as their big loving appearance.Perhaps people connected with the characters because they thought their enormous build made them more resilient and therefore they c ould endure the slapstick comedy they provided. Maybe the reason they were admired was because their large appearance was not the typical Hollywood ‘Barbie'-like figure that so many stars posses, but a reflection of how America really looks: overweight. Or, perhaps their size made them more human because they embodied the flaws in all of us. By the simple act of laughing at and with them, the audience is put at ease and feels better about their own shortcomings.In any case, the success of these comedians came through their realistic appearance on stage. The people and actions in these films could occur in everyday American lives. The men were not living a sophisticated lifestyle and did not have special skills; they portrayed an overweight male (which is common in the United States) and shined in immature and physical humor evolving the slapstick genre that has been a staple of American comedy films since their beginning a century ago.